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UNS C46400 (CW712R) Naval Brass

C46400 brass is a brass formulated for primary forming into wrought products. CW712R is the EN numeric designation for this material. C46400 is the UNS number. Additionally, the EN chemical designation is CuZn36Sn1Pb. The British Standard (BS) designation is CZ112. And the common industry name is Lead-Free Naval Brass.

The properties of C46400 brass include eight common variations. This page shows summary ranges across all of them. For more specific values, follow the links immediately below. The graph bars on the material properties cards further below compare C46400 brass to: wrought brasses (top), all copper alloys (middle), and the entire database (bottom). A full bar means this is the highest value in the relevant set. A half-full bar means it's 50% of the highest, and so on.

Mechanical Properties

Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus

100 GPa 15 x 106 psi

Elongation at Break

17 to 40 %

Poisson's Ratio

0.31

Shear Modulus

40 GPa 5.8 x 106 psi

Shear Strength

270 to 310 MPa 39 to 44 x 103 psi

Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS)

400 to 500 MPa 58 to 72 x 103 psi

Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof)

160 to 320 MPa 23 to 47 x 103 psi

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion

170 J/g

Maximum Temperature: Mechanical

120 °C 250 °F

Melting Completion (Liquidus)

900 °C 1650 °F

Melting Onset (Solidus)

890 °C 1630 °F

Specific Heat Capacity

380 J/kg-K 0.092 BTU/lb-°F

Thermal Conductivity

120 W/m-K 67 BTU/h-ft-°F

Thermal Expansion

21 µm/m-K

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume

26 % IACS

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific)

29 % IACS

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price

23 % relative

Calomel Potential

-400 mV

Density

8.0 g/cm3 500 lb/ft3

Embodied Carbon

2.7 kg CO2/kg material

Embodied Energy

47 MJ/kg 20 x 103 BTU/lb

Embodied Water

330 L/kg 39 gal/lb

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work)

76 to 140 MJ/m3

Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience)

120 to 500 kJ/m3

Stiffness to Weight: Axial

7.2 points

Stiffness to Weight: Bending

20 points

Strength to Weight: Axial

14 to 17 points

Strength to Weight: Bending

15 to 17 points

Thermal Diffusivity

38 mm2/s

Thermal Shock Resistance

13 to 16 points

Alloy Composition

Among wrought copper alloys, the composition of C46400 brass is notable for including tin (Sn). Tin is used to improve strength, bearing properties, and corrosion resistance against certain types of media.

Copper (Cu)Cu 59 to 62
Zinc (Zn)Zn 36.3 to 40.5
Tin (Sn)Sn 0.5 to 1.0
Lead (Pb)Pb 0 to 0.2
Iron (Fe)Fe 0 to 0.1
Residualsres. 0 to 0.4

All values are % weight. Ranges represent what is permitted under applicable standards.

Followup Questions

Similar Alloys

Further Reading

ASTM B21: Standard Specification for Naval Brass Rod, Bar, and Shapes

ASTM B124: Standard Specification for Copper and Copper Alloy Forging Rod, Bar, and Shapes

ASTM B283: Standard Specification for Copper and Copper-Alloy Die Forgings (Hot-Pressed)

Copper: Its Trade, Manufacture, Use, and Environmental Status, Gunter Joseph, 2001

Properties and Selection: Nonferrous Alloys and Special-Purpose Materials, ASM Handbook vol. 2, ASM International, 1993