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UNS C93600 Leaded Tin Bronze

C93600 bronze is a bronze formulated for casting. Cited properties are appropriate for the as-fabricated (no temper or treatment) condition. C93600 is the UNS number for this material. Additionally, the common industry name is 81-7-12.

It has a fairly low heat capacity among cast bronzes. In addition, it has a moderately low melting temperature and a moderately low tensile strength.

The graph bars on the material properties cards below compare C93600 bronze to: cast bronzes (top), all copper alloys (middle), and the entire database (bottom). A full bar means this is the highest value in the relevant set. A half-full bar means it's 50% of the highest, and so on.

Mechanical Properties

Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus

99 GPa 14 x 106 psi

Elongation at Break

14 %

Poisson's Ratio

0.35

Shear Modulus

36 GPa 5.3 x 106 psi

Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS)

260 MPa 37 x 103 psi

Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof)

140 MPa 20 x 103 psi

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion

170 J/g

Maximum Temperature: Mechanical

150 °C 290 °F

Melting Completion (Liquidus)

940 °C 1720 °F

Melting Onset (Solidus)

840 °C 1550 °F

Specific Heat Capacity

350 J/kg-K 0.083 BTU/lb-°F

Thermal Conductivity

49 W/m-K 28 BTU/h-ft-°F

Thermal Expansion

19 µm/m-K

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume

11 % IACS

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific)

11 % IACS

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price

31 % relative

Density

9.0 g/cm3 560 lb/ft3

Embodied Carbon

3.2 kg CO2/kg material

Embodied Energy

51 MJ/kg 22 x 103 BTU/lb

Embodied Water

370 L/kg 44 gal/lb

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work)

31 MJ/m3

Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience)

98 kJ/m3

Stiffness to Weight: Axial

6.1 points

Stiffness to Weight: Bending

17 points

Strength to Weight: Axial

7.9 points

Strength to Weight: Bending

9.9 points

Thermal Diffusivity

16 mm2/s

Thermal Shock Resistance

9.8 points

Alloy Composition

Among cast copper alloys, the composition of C93600 bronze is notable for containing a comparatively high amount of lead (Pb). Lead is used to improve machinability and bearing properties, at the cost of toxicity. It also adds pressure tightness to castings.

Copper (Cu)Cu 79 to 83
Lead (Pb)Pb 11 to 13
Tin (Sn)Sn 6.0 to 8.0
Phosphorus (P)P 0 to 1.5
Nickel (Ni)Ni 0 to 1.0
Zinc (Zn)Zn 0 to 1.0
Antimony (Sb)Sb 0 to 0.55
Iron (Fe)Fe 0 to 0.2
Sulfur (S)S 0 to 0.080
Silicon (Si)Si 0 to 0.0050
Aluminum (Al)Al 0 to 0.0050
Residualsres. 0 to 0.7

All values are % weight. Ranges represent what is permitted under applicable standards.

Followup Questions

Similar Alloys

Further Reading

ASTM B271: Standard Specification for Copper-Base Alloy Centrifugal Castings

ASTM B505: Standard Specification for Copper Alloy Continuous Castings

ASM Specialty Handbook: Copper and Copper Alloys, J. R. Davis (editor), 2001

CRC Materials Science and Engineering Handbook, 4th ed., James F. Shackelford et al. (editors), 2015