UNS C94800 Nickel-Tin Bronze
C94800 bronze is a bronze formulated for casting. Cited properties are appropriate for the as-fabricated (no temper or treatment) condition. C94800 is the UNS number for this material. Additionally, the common industry name is Nickel-Tin Bronze B.
It has a moderately low thermal conductivity among cast bronzes. In addition, it has a moderately high ductility and a moderately high base cost.
The graph bars on the material properties cards below compare C94800 bronze to: cast bronzes (top), all copper alloys (middle), and the entire database (bottom). A full bar means this is the highest value in the relevant set. A half-full bar means it's 50% of the highest, and so on.
Mechanical Properties
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus
110 GPa 17 x 106 psi
Elongation at Break
22 %
Poisson's Ratio
0.34
Shear Modulus
43 GPa 6.2 x 106 psi
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS)
310 MPa 45 x 103 psi
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof)
160 MPa 23 x 103 psi
Thermal Properties
Latent Heat of Fusion
200 J/g
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical
190 °C 370 °F
Melting Completion (Liquidus)
1030 °C 1880 °F
Melting Onset (Solidus)
900 °C 1660 °F
Specific Heat Capacity
380 J/kg-K 0.090 BTU/lb-°F
Thermal Conductivity
39 W/m-K 23 BTU/h-ft-°F
Thermal Expansion
17 µm/m-K
Electrical Properties
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume
12 % IACS
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific)
12 % IACS
Otherwise Unclassified Properties
Base Metal Price
34 % relative
Density
8.8 g/cm3 550 lb/ft3
Embodied Carbon
3.5 kg CO2/kg material
Embodied Energy
56 MJ/kg 24 x 103 BTU/lb
Embodied Water
350 L/kg 41 gal/lb
Common Calculations
Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work)
58 MJ/m3
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience)
110 kJ/m3
Stiffness to Weight: Axial
7.2 points
Stiffness to Weight: Bending
18 points
Strength to Weight: Axial
9.8 points
Strength to Weight: Bending
12 points
Thermal Diffusivity
12 mm2/s
Thermal Shock Resistance
11 points
Alloy Composition
Among cast copper alloys, the composition of C94800 bronze is notable for containing a comparatively high amount of nickel (Ni) and including manganese (Mn). Nickel is used to improve strength (particularly at elevated temperatures) and corrosion resistance. It also creates the need for additional care during casting. Manganese is used to improve strength without a proportional reduction in ductility.
| Cu | 84 to 89 | |
| Ni | 4.5 to 6.0 | |
| Sn | 4.5 to 6.0 | |
| Zn | 1.0 to 2.5 | |
| Pb | 0.3 to 1.0 | |
| Fe | 0 to 0.25 | |
| Mn | 0 to 0.2 | |
| Sb | 0 to 0.15 | |
| P | 0 to 0.050 | |
| S | 0 to 0.050 | |
| Si | 0 to 0.0050 | |
| Al | 0 to 0.0050 | |
| res. | 0 to 1.3 |
All values are % weight. Ranges represent what is permitted under applicable standards.
Followup Questions
Similar Alloys
Further Reading
ASTM B505: Standard Specification for Copper Alloy Continuous Castings
ASM Specialty Handbook: Copper and Copper Alloys, J. R. Davis (editor), 2001
CRC Materials Science and Engineering Handbook, 4th ed., James F. Shackelford et al. (editors), 2015