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UNS N08031 (Alloy 31, 1.4562) Stainless Steel

N08031 stainless steel is a superaustenitic (highly alloyed) stainless steel formulated for primary forming into wrought products. Cited properties are appropriate for the annealed condition. 1.4562 is the EN numeric designation for this material. N08031 is the UNS number. And Alloy 31 is the common industry name.

This material is well established: the Further Reading section below cites a number of published standards, and that list is not necessarily exhaustive.

It has a very high base cost among wrought superaustenitic stainless steels. In addition, it has a very high embodied energy and a moderately high ductility.

The graph bars on the material properties cards below compare N08031 stainless steel to: wrought superaustenitic stainless steels (top), all iron alloys (middle), and the entire database (bottom). A full bar means this is the highest value in the relevant set. A half-full bar means it's 50% of the highest, and so on.

Mechanical Properties

Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus

210 GPa 30 x 106 psi

Elongation at Break

45 %

Fatigue Strength

290 MPa 42 x 103 psi

Poisson's Ratio

0.28

Shear Modulus

81 GPa 12 x 106 psi

Shear Strength

510 MPa 74 x 103 psi

Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS)

730 MPa 110 x 103 psi

Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof)

310 MPa 45 x 103 psi

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion

310 J/g

Maximum Temperature: Corrosion

460 °C 850 °F

Maximum Temperature: Mechanical

1100 °C 2010 °F

Melting Completion (Liquidus)

1440 °C 2630 °F

Melting Onset (Solidus)

1390 °C 2540 °F

Specific Heat Capacity

460 J/kg-K 0.11 BTU/lb-°F

Thermal Conductivity

12 W/m-K 6.8 BTU/h-ft-°F

Thermal Expansion

18 µm/m-K

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price

39 % relative

Density

8.1 g/cm3 510 lb/ft3

Embodied Carbon

7.1 kg CO2/kg material

Embodied Energy

96 MJ/kg 41 x 103 BTU/lb

Embodied Water

240 L/kg 29 gal/lb

Common Calculations

PREN (Pitting Resistance)

52

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work)

270 MJ/m3

Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience)

230 kJ/m3

Stiffness to Weight: Axial

14 points

Stiffness to Weight: Bending

24 points

Strength to Weight: Axial

25 points

Strength to Weight: Bending

22 points

Thermal Diffusivity

3.1 mm2/s

Thermal Shock Resistance

14 points

Alloy Composition

Among wrought stainless steels, the composition of N08031 stainless steel is notable for containing comparatively high amounts of chromium (Cr) and nickel (Ni). Chromium is the defining alloying element of stainless steel. Higher chromium content imparts additional corrosion resistance. Nickel is primarily used to achieve a specific microstructure. In addition, it has a beneficial effect on mechanical properties and certain types of corrosion.

Iron (Fe)Fe 29 to 36.9
Nickel (Ni)Ni 30 to 32
Chromium (Cr)Cr 26 to 28
Molybdenum (Mo)Mo 6.0 to 7.0
Copper (Cu)Cu 1.0 to 1.4
Manganese (Mn)Mn 0 to 2.0
Nitrogen (N)N 0.15 to 0.25
Silicon (Si)Si 0 to 0.3
Phosphorus (P)P 0 to 0.020
Carbon (C)C 0 to 0.015
Sulfur (S)S 0 to 0.010

All values are % weight. Ranges represent what is permitted under applicable standards.

Followup Questions

Similar Alloys

Further Reading

ASTM B581: Standard Specification for Nickel-Chromium-Iron-Molybdenum-Copper Alloy Rod

ASTM B649: Standard Specification for Ni-Fe-Cr-Mo-Cu Low-Carbon Alloy (UNS N08904), Ni-Fe-Cr-Mo-Cu-N Low-Carbon Alloys (UNS N08925, UNS N08031, and UNS N08926), and Cr-Ni-Fe-N Low-Carbon Alloy (UNS R20033) Bar and Wire

ASTM B462: Standard Specification for Forged or Rolled UNS N06030, UNS N06022, UNS N06035, UNS N06200, UNS N06059, UNS N06686, UNS N08020, UNS N08024, UNS N08026, UNS N08367, UNS N10276, UNS N10665, UNS N10675, UNS N10629, UNS N08031, UNS N06045, UNS N06025, and UNS R20033 Alloy Pipe Flanges, Forged Fittings, and Valves and Parts for Corrosive High-Temperature Service

ASTM B619: Standard Specification for Welded Nickel and Nickel-Cobalt Alloy Pipe

ASTM B626: Standard Specification for Welded Nickel and Nickel-Cobalt Alloy Tube

ASTM B622: Standard Specification for Seamless Nickel and Nickel-Cobalt Alloy Pipe and Tube

ASTM B564: Standard Specification for Nickel Alloy Forgings

Nickel Alloys, Ulrich Heubner (editor), 1998

Welding Metallurgy and Weldability of Stainless Steels, John C. Lippold and Damian J. Kotecki, 2005

Corrosion of Austenitic Stainless Steels: Mechanism, Mitigation and Monitoring, H. S. Khatak and B. Raj (editors), 2002