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1050A Aluminum vs. ASTM A231 Spring Steel

1050A aluminum belongs to the aluminum alloys classification, while ASTM A231 spring steel belongs to the iron alloys. There are 30 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (2, in this case) are not shown. Please note that the two materials have significantly dissimilar densities. This means that additional care is required when interpreting the data, because some material properties are based on units of mass, while others are based on units of area or volume.

For each property being compared, the top bar is 1050A aluminum and the bottom bar is ASTM A231 spring steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Brinell Hardness 20 to 45
540
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 68
190
Elongation at Break, % 1.1 to 33
14
Fatigue Strength, MPa 22 to 55
1000
Poisson's Ratio 0.33
0.29
Shear Modulus, GPa 26
73
Shear Strength, MPa 44 to 97
1080
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 68 to 170
1790
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 22 to 150
1570

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 400
250
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 170
420
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 660
1460
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 650
1410
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 900
470
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 230
52
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 24
13

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 59
7.3
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 200
8.4

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 9.0
2.3
Density, g/cm3 2.7
7.8
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 8.2
2.0
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 150
28
Embodied Water, L/kg 1200
51

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 1.9 to 19
230
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 14
13
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 50
24
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 6.9 to 18
64
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 14 to 25
42
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 94
14
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 3.0 to 7.6
53

Alloy Composition

Aluminum (Al), % 99.5 to 100
0
Carbon (C), % 0
0.48 to 0.53
Chromium (Cr), % 0
0.8 to 1.1
Copper (Cu), % 0 to 0.050
0
Iron (Fe), % 0 to 0.4
96.7 to 97.7
Magnesium (Mg), % 0 to 0.050
0
Manganese (Mn), % 0 to 0.050
0.7 to 0.9
Phosphorus (P), % 0
0 to 0.040
Silicon (Si), % 0 to 0.25
0.15 to 0.35
Sulfur (S), % 0
0 to 0.040
Titanium (Ti), % 0 to 0.050
0
Vanadium (V), % 0
0.15 to 0.3
Zinc (Zn), % 0 to 0.070
0