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1050A Aluminum vs. S31254 Stainless Steel

1050A aluminum belongs to the aluminum alloys classification, while S31254 stainless steel belongs to the iron alloys. There are 31 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (4, in this case) are not shown. Please note that the two materials have significantly dissimilar densities. This means that additional care is required when interpreting the data, because some material properties are based on units of mass, while others are based on units of area or volume.

For each property being compared, the top bar is 1050A aluminum and the bottom bar is S31254 stainless steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Brinell Hardness 20 to 45
190
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 68
200
Elongation at Break, % 1.1 to 33
40
Fatigue Strength, MPa 22 to 55
290
Poisson's Ratio 0.33
0.28
Shear Modulus, GPa 26
80
Shear Strength, MPa 44 to 97
490
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 68 to 170
720
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 22 to 150
330

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 400
300
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 170
1090
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 660
1460
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 650
1420
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 900
460
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 230
14
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 24
17

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 59
2.0
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 200
2.3

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 9.0
28
Density, g/cm3 2.7
8.0
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 8.2
5.5
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 150
74
Embodied Water, L/kg 1200
190

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 1.9 to 19
240
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 3.7 to 160
270
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 14
14
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 50
24
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 6.9 to 18
25
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 14 to 25
22
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 94
3.8
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 3.0 to 7.6
15

Alloy Composition

Aluminum (Al), % 99.5 to 100
0
Carbon (C), % 0
0 to 0.020
Chromium (Cr), % 0
19.5 to 20.5
Copper (Cu), % 0 to 0.050
0.5 to 1.0
Iron (Fe), % 0 to 0.4
51.4 to 56.3
Magnesium (Mg), % 0 to 0.050
0
Manganese (Mn), % 0 to 0.050
0 to 1.0
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0
6.0 to 6.5
Nickel (Ni), % 0
17.5 to 18.5
Nitrogen (N), % 0
0.18 to 0.22
Phosphorus (P), % 0
0 to 0.030
Silicon (Si), % 0 to 0.25
0 to 0.8
Sulfur (S), % 0
0 to 0.010
Titanium (Ti), % 0 to 0.050
0
Zinc (Zn), % 0 to 0.070
0