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1235 Aluminum vs. ASTM Grade HK Steel

1235 aluminum belongs to the aluminum alloys classification, while ASTM grade HK steel belongs to the iron alloys. There are 29 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (4, in this case) are not shown. Please note that the two materials have significantly dissimilar densities. This means that additional care is required when interpreting the data, because some material properties are based on units of mass, while others are based on units of area or volume.

For each property being compared, the top bar is 1235 aluminum and the bottom bar is ASTM grade HK steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 69
200
Elongation at Break, % 28 to 34
11
Fatigue Strength, MPa 23 to 58
150
Poisson's Ratio 0.33
0.27
Shear Modulus, GPa 26
79
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 80 to 84
500
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 23 to 57
270

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 400
310
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 170
1100
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 640
1400
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 640
1350
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 900
480
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 230
15
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 23
17

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 60
2.0
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 200
2.3

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 9.5
25
Density, g/cm3 2.7
7.8
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 8.3
4.4
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 160
63
Embodied Water, L/kg 1190
200

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 17 to 25
48
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 3.8 to 24
190
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 14
14
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 50
25
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 8.2 to 8.6
18
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 15 to 16
18
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 93
3.9
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 3.6 to 3.7
11

Alloy Composition

Aluminum (Al), % 99.35 to 100
0
Carbon (C), % 0
0.2 to 0.6
Chromium (Cr), % 0
24 to 28
Copper (Cu), % 0 to 0.050
0
Iron (Fe), % 0 to 0.65
44.8 to 57.8
Magnesium (Mg), % 0 to 0.050
0
Manganese (Mn), % 0 to 0.050
0 to 2.0
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0
0 to 0.5
Nickel (Ni), % 0
18 to 22
Phosphorus (P), % 0
0 to 0.040
Silicon (Si), % 0 to 0.65
0 to 2.0
Sulfur (S), % 0
0 to 0.040
Titanium (Ti), % 0 to 0.060
0
Vanadium (V), % 0 to 0.050
0
Zinc (Zn), % 0 to 0.1
0