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1235 Aluminum vs. Grade VDC Steel

1235 aluminum belongs to the aluminum alloys classification, while grade VDC steel belongs to the iron alloys. There are 24 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (8, in this case) are not shown. Please note that the two materials have significantly dissimilar densities. This means that additional care is required when interpreting the data, because some material properties are based on units of mass, while others are based on units of area or volume.

For each property being compared, the top bar is 1235 aluminum and the bottom bar is grade VDC steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 69
190
Poisson's Ratio 0.33
0.29
Shear Modulus, GPa 26
80
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 80 to 84
1700

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 400
250
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 170
400
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 640
1450
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 640
1410
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 900
470
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 230
51
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 23
13

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 60
7.1
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 200
8.1

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 9.5
1.9
Density, g/cm3 2.7
7.8
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 8.3
1.4
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 160
19
Embodied Water, L/kg 1190
47

Common Calculations

Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 14
13
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 50
24
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 8.2 to 8.6
60
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 15 to 16
40
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 93
14
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 3.6 to 3.7
50

Alloy Composition

Aluminum (Al), % 99.35 to 100
0
Carbon (C), % 0
0.6 to 0.75
Chromium (Cr), % 0
0 to 0.3
Copper (Cu), % 0 to 0.050
0 to 0.060
Iron (Fe), % 0 to 0.65
98.3 to 99.35
Magnesium (Mg), % 0 to 0.050
0
Manganese (Mn), % 0 to 0.050
0.5 to 1.0
Phosphorus (P), % 0
0 to 0.020
Silicon (Si), % 0 to 0.65
0.15 to 0.3
Sulfur (S), % 0
0 to 0.020
Titanium (Ti), % 0 to 0.060
0
Vanadium (V), % 0 to 0.050
0
Zinc (Zn), % 0 to 0.1
0