2218 Aluminum vs. Grade 28 Titanium
2218 aluminum belongs to the aluminum alloys classification, while grade 28 titanium belongs to the titanium alloys. There are 30 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (2, in this case) are not shown.
For each property being compared, the top bar is 2218 aluminum and the bottom bar is grade 28 titanium.
Metric UnitsUS Customary Units
Mechanical Properties
| Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa | 73 | |
| 110 |
| Elongation at Break, % | 6.8 to 10 | |
| 11 to 17 |
| Fatigue Strength, MPa | 110 | |
| 330 to 480 |
| Poisson's Ratio | 0.33 | |
| 0.32 |
| Shear Modulus, GPa | 27 | |
| 40 |
| Shear Strength, MPa | 210 to 250 | |
| 420 to 590 |
| Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa | 330 to 430 | |
| 690 to 980 |
| Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa | 260 to 310 | |
| 540 to 810 |
Thermal Properties
| Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g | 390 | |
| 410 |
| Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C | 220 | |
| 330 |
| Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C | 640 | |
| 1640 |
| Melting Onset (Solidus), °C | 510 | |
| 1590 |
| Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K | 870 | |
| 550 |
| Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K | 140 | |
| 8.3 |
| Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K | 22 | |
| 9.9 |
Electrical Properties
| Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS | 37 | |
| 1.3 |
| Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS | 110 | |
| 2.7 |
Otherwise Unclassified Properties
| Base Metal Price, % relative | 11 | |
| 36 |
| Density, g/cm3 | 3.1 | |
| 4.5 |
| Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material | 8.2 | |
| 37 |
| Embodied Energy, MJ/kg | 150 | |
| 600 |
| Embodied Water, L/kg | 1130 | |
| 370 |
Common Calculations
| Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 | 27 to 31 | |
| 87 to 110 |
| Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 | 450 to 650 | |
| 1370 to 3100 |
| Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points | 13 | |
| 13 |
| Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points | 45 | |
| 35 |
| Strength to Weight: Axial, points | 30 to 39 | |
| 43 to 61 |
| Strength to Weight: Bending, points | 34 to 41 | |
| 39 to 49 |
| Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s | 52 | |
| 3.4 |
| Thermal Shock Resistance, points | 15 to 19 | |
| 47 to 66 |
Alloy Composition
| Aluminum (Al), % | 88.8 to 93.6 | |
| 2.5 to 3.5 |
| Carbon (C), % | 0 | |
| 0 to 0.080 |
| Chromium (Cr), % | 0 to 0.1 | |
| 0 |
| Copper (Cu), % | 3.5 to 4.5 | |
| 0 |
| Hydrogen (H), % | 0 | |
| 0 to 0.015 |
| Iron (Fe), % | 0 to 1.0 | |
| 0 to 0.25 |
| Magnesium (Mg), % | 1.2 to 1.8 | |
| 0 |
| Manganese (Mn), % | 0 to 0.2 | |
| 0 |
| Nickel (Ni), % | 1.7 to 2.3 | |
| 0 |
| Nitrogen (N), % | 0 | |
| 0 to 0.030 |
| Oxygen (O), % | 0 | |
| 0 to 0.15 |
| Ruthenium (Ru), % | 0 | |
| 0.080 to 0.14 |
| Silicon (Si), % | 0 to 0.9 | |
| 0 |
| Titanium (Ti), % | 0 | |
| 92.4 to 95.4 |
| Vanadium (V), % | 0 | |
| 2.0 to 3.0 |
| Zinc (Zn), % | 0 to 0.25 | |
| 0 |
| Residuals, % | 0 | |
| 0 to 0.4 |