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224.0 Aluminum vs. SAE-AISI D3 Steel

224.0 aluminum belongs to the aluminum alloys classification, while SAE-AISI D3 steel belongs to the iron alloys. There are 27 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (4, in this case) are not shown. Please note that the two materials have significantly dissimilar densities. This means that additional care is required when interpreting the data, because some material properties are based on units of mass, while others are based on units of area or volume.

For each property being compared, the top bar is 224.0 aluminum and the bottom bar is SAE-AISI D3 steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 71
190
Elongation at Break, % 4.0 to 10
9.8 to 15
Fatigue Strength, MPa 86 to 120
310 to 940
Poisson's Ratio 0.33
0.28
Shear Modulus, GPa 27
74
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 380 to 420
770 to 2050
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 280 to 330
480 to 1550

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 390
270
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 650
1430
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 550
1390
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 870
480
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 120
31
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 23
12

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 32
3.0
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 95
3.5

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 11
8.0
Density, g/cm3 3.0
7.7
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 8.3
3.2
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 160
48
Embodied Water, L/kg 1150
100

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 16 to 35
97 to 180
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 13
14
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 45
25
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 35 to 38
28 to 74
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 38 to 41
24 to 47
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 47
8.3
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 17 to 18
23 to 63

Alloy Composition

Aluminum (Al), % 93 to 95.2
0
Carbon (C), % 0
2.0 to 2.4
Chromium (Cr), % 0
11 to 13.5
Copper (Cu), % 4.5 to 5.5
0 to 0.25
Iron (Fe), % 0 to 0.1
80.3 to 87
Manganese (Mn), % 0.2 to 0.5
0 to 0.6
Nickel (Ni), % 0
0 to 0.3
Phosphorus (P), % 0
0 to 0.030
Silicon (Si), % 0 to 0.060
0 to 0.6
Sulfur (S), % 0
0 to 0.030
Titanium (Ti), % 0 to 0.35
0
Tungsten (W), % 0
0 to 1.0
Vanadium (V), % 0.050 to 0.15
0 to 1.0
Zirconium (Zr), % 0.1 to 0.25
0
Residuals, % 0 to 0.1
0