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224.0 Aluminum vs. SAE-AISI D5 Steel

224.0 aluminum belongs to the aluminum alloys classification, while SAE-AISI D5 steel belongs to the iron alloys. There are 24 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (7, in this case) are not shown. Please note that the two materials have significantly dissimilar densities. This means that additional care is required when interpreting the data, because some material properties are based on units of mass, while others are based on units of area or volume.

For each property being compared, the top bar is 224.0 aluminum and the bottom bar is SAE-AISI D5 steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 71
190
Elongation at Break, % 4.0 to 10
5.4 to 14
Poisson's Ratio 0.33
0.28
Shear Modulus, GPa 27
75
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 380 to 420
770 to 2030

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 390
270
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 650
1430
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 550
1390
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 870
480
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 120
27
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 23
11

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 32
4.2
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 95
4.9

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 11
13
Density, g/cm3 3.0
7.7
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 8.3
3.5
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 160
51
Embodied Water, L/kg 1150
120

Common Calculations

Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 13
14
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 45
25
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 35 to 38
28 to 73
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 38 to 41
24 to 46
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 47
7.4
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 17 to 18
26 to 67

Alloy Composition

Aluminum (Al), % 93 to 95.2
0
Carbon (C), % 0
1.4 to 1.6
Chromium (Cr), % 0
11 to 13
Cobalt (Co), % 0
2.5 to 3.5
Copper (Cu), % 4.5 to 5.5
0 to 0.25
Iron (Fe), % 0 to 0.1
77.9 to 84.4
Manganese (Mn), % 0.2 to 0.5
0 to 0.6
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0
0.7 to 1.2
Nickel (Ni), % 0
0 to 0.3
Phosphorus (P), % 0
0 to 0.030
Silicon (Si), % 0 to 0.060
0 to 0.6
Sulfur (S), % 0
0 to 0.030
Titanium (Ti), % 0 to 0.35
0
Vanadium (V), % 0.050 to 0.15
0 to 1.0
Zirconium (Zr), % 0.1 to 0.25
0
Residuals, % 0 to 0.1
0