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238.0 Aluminum vs. ASTM Grade HH Steel

238.0 aluminum belongs to the aluminum alloys classification, while ASTM grade HH steel belongs to the iron alloys. There are 29 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (3, in this case) are not shown. Please note that the two materials have significantly dissimilar densities. This means that additional care is required when interpreting the data, because some material properties are based on units of mass, while others are based on units of area or volume.

For each property being compared, the top bar is 238.0 aluminum and the bottom bar is ASTM grade HH steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 76
200
Elongation at Break, % 1.5
11
Fatigue Strength, MPa 110
150
Poisson's Ratio 0.33
0.27
Shear Modulus, GPa 28
79
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 210
580
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 170
270

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 430
310
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 170
1100
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 600
1400
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 510
1360
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 840
480
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 100
14
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 21
17

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 25
2.1
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 67
2.4

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 12
20
Density, g/cm3 3.4
7.7
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 7.4
3.7
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 140
53
Embodied Water, L/kg 1040
180

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 2.9
53
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 180
190
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 12
14
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 42
25
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 17
21
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 23
20
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 37
3.8
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 9.1
12

Alloy Composition

Aluminum (Al), % 81.9 to 84.9
0
Carbon (C), % 0
0.2 to 0.5
Chromium (Cr), % 0
24 to 28
Copper (Cu), % 9.5 to 10.5
0
Iron (Fe), % 1.0 to 1.5
52.9 to 64.8
Magnesium (Mg), % 0 to 0.25
0
Manganese (Mn), % 0
0 to 2.0
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0
0 to 0.5
Nickel (Ni), % 0
11 to 14
Phosphorus (P), % 0
0 to 0.040
Silicon (Si), % 3.6 to 4.4
0 to 2.0
Sulfur (S), % 0
0 to 0.040
Zinc (Zn), % 1.0 to 1.5
0