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238.0 Aluminum vs. SAE-AISI D4 Steel

238.0 aluminum belongs to the aluminum alloys classification, while SAE-AISI D4 steel belongs to the iron alloys. There are 27 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (4, in this case) are not shown. Please note that the two materials have significantly dissimilar densities. This means that additional care is required when interpreting the data, because some material properties are based on units of mass, while others are based on units of area or volume.

For each property being compared, the top bar is 238.0 aluminum and the bottom bar is SAE-AISI D4 steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 76
190
Elongation at Break, % 1.5
8.4 to 15
Fatigue Strength, MPa 110
310 to 920
Poisson's Ratio 0.33
0.28
Shear Modulus, GPa 28
74
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 210
760 to 2060
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 170
470 to 1540

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 430
270
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 600
1430
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 510
1380
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 840
480
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 100
31
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 21
12

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 25
4.2
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 67
5.0

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 12
8.0
Density, g/cm3 3.4
7.7
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 7.4
3.3
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 140
49
Embodied Water, L/kg 1040
100

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 2.9
100 to 160
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 12
14
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 42
25
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 17
27 to 75
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 23
24 to 47
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 37
8.3
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 9.1
23 to 63

Alloy Composition

Aluminum (Al), % 81.9 to 84.9
0
Carbon (C), % 0
2.1 to 2.4
Chromium (Cr), % 0
11 to 13
Copper (Cu), % 9.5 to 10.5
0 to 0.25
Iron (Fe), % 1.0 to 1.5
80.6 to 86.3
Magnesium (Mg), % 0 to 0.25
0
Manganese (Mn), % 0
0 to 0.6
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0
0.7 to 1.2
Nickel (Ni), % 0
0 to 0.3
Phosphorus (P), % 0
0 to 0.030
Silicon (Si), % 3.6 to 4.4
0 to 0.6
Sulfur (S), % 0
0 to 0.030
Vanadium (V), % 0
0 to 1.0
Zinc (Zn), % 1.0 to 1.5
0