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296.0 Aluminum vs. SAE-AISI 4340M Steel

296.0 aluminum belongs to the aluminum alloys classification, while SAE-AISI 4340M steel belongs to the iron alloys. There are 30 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (5, in this case) are not shown. Please note that the two materials have significantly dissimilar densities. This means that additional care is required when interpreting the data, because some material properties are based on units of mass, while others are based on units of area or volume.

For each property being compared, the top bar is 296.0 aluminum and the bottom bar is SAE-AISI 4340M steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Brinell Hardness 75 to 90
710
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 72
190
Elongation at Break, % 3.2 to 7.1
6.0
Fatigue Strength, MPa 47 to 70
690
Poisson's Ratio 0.33
0.29
Shear Modulus, GPa 27
72
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 260 to 270
2340
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 120 to 180
1240

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 420
280
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 170
430
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 630
1440
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 540
1400
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 870
480
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 130 to 150
38
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 22
13

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 33 to 37
7.8
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 99 to 110
9.1

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 11
3.9
Density, g/cm3 3.0
7.8
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 7.8
1.9
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 150
26
Embodied Water, L/kg 1110
55

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 7.6 to 15
120
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 110 to 220
4120
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 13
13
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 46
25
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 24 to 25
84
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 30 to 31
51
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 51 to 56
10
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 12
70

Alloy Composition

Aluminum (Al), % 89 to 94
0
Carbon (C), % 0
0.38 to 0.43
Chromium (Cr), % 0
0.7 to 1.0
Copper (Cu), % 4.0 to 5.0
0
Iron (Fe), % 0 to 1.2
93.3 to 94.8
Magnesium (Mg), % 0 to 0.050
0
Manganese (Mn), % 0 to 0.35
0.65 to 0.9
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0
0.35 to 0.45
Nickel (Ni), % 0 to 0.35
1.7 to 2.0
Phosphorus (P), % 0
0 to 0.012
Silicon (Si), % 2.0 to 3.0
1.5 to 1.8
Sulfur (S), % 0
0 to 0.012
Titanium (Ti), % 0 to 0.25
0
Vanadium (V), % 0
0.050 to 0.1
Zinc (Zn), % 0 to 0.5
0
Residuals, % 0 to 0.35
0