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3003 Aluminum vs. SAE-AISI 1080 Steel

3003 aluminum belongs to the aluminum alloys classification, while SAE-AISI 1080 steel belongs to the iron alloys. There are 31 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (2, in this case) are not shown. Please note that the two materials have significantly dissimilar densities. This means that additional care is required when interpreting the data, because some material properties are based on units of mass, while others are based on units of area or volume.

For each property being compared, the top bar is 3003 aluminum and the bottom bar is SAE-AISI 1080 steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Brinell Hardness 28 to 65
220 to 260
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 70
190
Elongation at Break, % 1.1 to 28
11
Fatigue Strength, MPa 39 to 90
300 to 360
Poisson's Ratio 0.33
0.29
Shear Modulus, GPa 26
72
Shear Strength, MPa 68 to 130
460 to 520
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 110 to 240
770 to 870
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 40 to 210
480 to 590

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 400
250
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 180
400
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 650
1450
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 640
1410
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 900
470
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 180
51
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 23
12

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 44
9.6
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 140
11

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 9.5
1.8
Density, g/cm3 2.8
7.8
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 8.1
1.4
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 150
19
Embodied Water, L/kg 1180
46

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 0.95 to 63
80 to 84
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 11 to 300
610 to 920
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 14
13
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 50
24
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 11 to 24
27 to 31
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 18 to 30
24 to 26
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 71
14
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 4.7 to 10
25 to 29

Alloy Composition

Aluminum (Al), % 96.8 to 99
0
Carbon (C), % 0
0.75 to 0.88
Copper (Cu), % 0.050 to 0.2
0
Iron (Fe), % 0 to 0.7
98.1 to 98.7
Manganese (Mn), % 1.0 to 1.5
0.6 to 0.9
Phosphorus (P), % 0
0 to 0.040
Silicon (Si), % 0 to 0.6
0
Sulfur (S), % 0
0 to 0.050
Zinc (Zn), % 0 to 0.1
0
Residuals, % 0 to 0.15
0