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3004 Aluminum vs. ASTM A27 Cast Steel

3004 aluminum belongs to the aluminum alloys classification, while ASTM A27 cast steel belongs to the iron alloys. There are 29 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (4, in this case) are not shown. Please note that the two materials have significantly dissimilar densities. This means that additional care is required when interpreting the data, because some material properties are based on units of mass, while others are based on units of area or volume.

For each property being compared, the top bar is 3004 aluminum and the bottom bar is ASTM A27 cast steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 70
190
Elongation at Break, % 1.1 to 19
25 to 27
Fatigue Strength, MPa 55 to 120
170 to 230
Poisson's Ratio 0.33
0.29
Shear Modulus, GPa 26
73
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 170 to 310
460 to 550
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 68 to 270
230 to 310

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 400
250
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 180
400
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 650
1460
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 630
1420
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 900
470
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 160
52
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 24
12

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 42
7.0 to 7.1
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 140
8.1

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 9.5
1.8
Density, g/cm3 2.8
7.8
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 8.3
1.4
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 150
18
Embodied Water, L/kg 1180
45 to 46

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 3.2 to 27
96 to 120
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 33 to 540
140 to 260
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 14
13
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 50
24
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 18 to 31
16 to 20
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 25 to 37
17 to 19
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 65
14
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 7.6 to 13
15 to 18