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3005 Aluminum vs. SAE-AISI 4047 Steel

3005 aluminum belongs to the aluminum alloys classification, while SAE-AISI 4047 steel belongs to the iron alloys. Please note that the two materials have significantly dissimilar densities. This means that additional care is required when interpreting the data, because some material properties are based on units of mass, while others are based on units of area or volume.

For each property being compared, the top bar is 3005 aluminum and the bottom bar is SAE-AISI 4047 steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Brinell Hardness 33 to 73
170
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 70
190
Elongation at Break, % 1.1 to 16
23
Fatigue Strength, MPa 53 to 100
220
Poisson's Ratio 0.33
0.29
Shear Modulus, GPa 26
73
Shear Strength, MPa 84 to 150
370
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 140 to 270
580
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 51 to 240
310

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 400
250
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 180
400
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 660
1460
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 640
1420
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 900
470
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 160
48
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 23
12

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 42
7.1
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 140
8.2

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 9.5
2.1
Density, g/cm3 2.8
7.8
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 8.2
1.5
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 150
19
Embodied Water, L/kg 1180
47

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 2.2 to 18
110
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 18 to 390
260
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 14
13
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 49
24
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 14 to 27
20
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 21 to 33
20
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 64
13
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 6.0 to 12
18

Alloy Composition

Aluminum (Al), % 95.7 to 98.8
0
Carbon (C), % 0
0.45 to 0.5
Chromium (Cr), % 0 to 0.1
0
Copper (Cu), % 0 to 0.3
0
Iron (Fe), % 0 to 0.7
97.9 to 98.5
Magnesium (Mg), % 0.2 to 0.6
0
Manganese (Mn), % 1.0 to 1.5
0.7 to 0.9
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0
0.2 to 0.3
Phosphorus (P), % 0
0 to 0.035
Silicon (Si), % 0 to 0.6
0.15 to 0.35
Sulfur (S), % 0
0 to 0.040
Titanium (Ti), % 0 to 0.1
0
Zinc (Zn), % 0 to 0.25
0
Residuals, % 0 to 0.15
0