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354.0 Aluminum vs. ACI-ASTM CD3MWCuN Steel

354.0 aluminum belongs to the aluminum alloys classification, while ACI-ASTM CD3MWCuN steel belongs to the iron alloys. There are 29 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (2, in this case) are not shown. Please note that the two materials have significantly dissimilar densities. This means that additional care is required when interpreting the data, because some material properties are based on units of mass, while others are based on units of area or volume.

For each property being compared, the top bar is 354.0 aluminum and the bottom bar is ACI-ASTM CD3MWCuN steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 71
200
Elongation at Break, % 2.4 to 3.0
29
Fatigue Strength, MPa 92 to 120
370
Poisson's Ratio 0.33
0.27
Shear Modulus, GPa 27
80
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 360 to 380
790
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 280 to 310
500

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 530
300
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 170
1100
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 600
1460
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 550
1410
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 900
470
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 130
16
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 21
13

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 32
2.2
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 110
2.5

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 9.5
22
Density, g/cm3 2.7
7.9
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 7.8
4.2
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 150
58
Embodied Water, L/kg 1070
180

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 8.6 to 9.8
200
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 540 to 670
620
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 15
14
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 52
25
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 37 to 39
28
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 42 to 44
24
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 52
4.2
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 17 to 18
22

Alloy Composition


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Aluminum (Al), % 87.3 to 89.4
0
Carbon (C), % 0
0 to 0.030
Chromium (Cr), % 0
24 to 26
Copper (Cu), % 1.6 to 2.0
0.5 to 1.0
Iron (Fe), % 0 to 0.2
56.6 to 65.3
Magnesium (Mg), % 0.4 to 0.6
0
Manganese (Mn), % 0 to 0.1
0 to 1.5
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0
3.0 to 4.0
Nickel (Ni), % 0
6.5 to 8.5
Nitrogen (N), % 0
0.2 to 0.3
Phosphorus (P), % 0
0 to 0.030
Silicon (Si), % 8.6 to 9.4
0 to 1.0
Sulfur (S), % 0
0 to 0.025
Titanium (Ti), % 0 to 0.2
0
Tungsten (W), % 0
0.5 to 1.0
Zinc (Zn), % 0 to 0.1
0
Residuals, % 0 to 0.15
0