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354.0 Aluminum vs. SAE-AISI M4 Steel

354.0 aluminum belongs to the aluminum alloys classification, while SAE-AISI M4 steel belongs to the iron alloys. There are 21 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (9, in this case) are not shown. Please note that the two materials have significantly dissimilar densities. This means that additional care is required when interpreting the data, because some material properties are based on units of mass, while others are based on units of area or volume.

For each property being compared, the top bar is 354.0 aluminum and the bottom bar is SAE-AISI M4 steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 71
200
Poisson's Ratio 0.33
0.29
Shear Modulus, GPa 27
76
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 360 to 380
770 to 2150

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 530
260
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 600
1610
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 550
1560
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 900
440
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 130
25
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 21
12

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 9.5
25
Density, g/cm3 2.7
8.3
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 7.8
14
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 150
210
Embodied Water, L/kg 1070
110

Common Calculations

Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 15
13
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 52
23
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 37 to 39
26 to 72
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 42 to 44
23 to 45
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 52
6.9
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 17 to 18
24 to 68

Alloy Composition


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Aluminum (Al), % 87.3 to 89.4
0
Carbon (C), % 0
1.3 to 1.4
Chromium (Cr), % 0
3.8 to 4.8
Copper (Cu), % 1.6 to 2.0
0 to 0.25
Iron (Fe), % 0 to 0.2
75.9 to 81.4
Magnesium (Mg), % 0.4 to 0.6
0
Manganese (Mn), % 0 to 0.1
0.15 to 0.4
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0
4.3 to 5.5
Nickel (Ni), % 0
0 to 0.3
Phosphorus (P), % 0
0 to 0.030
Silicon (Si), % 8.6 to 9.4
0.2 to 0.45
Sulfur (S), % 0
0 to 0.030
Titanium (Ti), % 0 to 0.2
0
Tungsten (W), % 0
5.3 to 6.5
Vanadium (V), % 0
3.8 to 4.5
Zinc (Zn), % 0 to 0.1
0
Residuals, % 0 to 0.15
0