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4045 Aluminum vs. ACI-ASTM CB30 Steel

4045 aluminum belongs to the aluminum alloys classification, while ACI-ASTM CB30 steel belongs to the iron alloys. There are 26 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (8, in this case) are not shown. Please note that the two materials have significantly dissimilar densities. This means that additional care is required when interpreting the data, because some material properties are based on units of mass, while others are based on units of area or volume.

For each property being compared, the top bar is 4045 aluminum and the bottom bar is ACI-ASTM CB30 steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 71
200
Poisson's Ratio 0.33
0.28
Shear Modulus, GPa 27
77
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 120
500
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 64
230

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 540
290
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 160
940
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 600
1430
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 580
1380
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 900
480
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 170
21
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 21
11

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 45
2.5
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 160
3.0

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 9.5
10
Density, g/cm3 2.6
7.7
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 7.8
2.3
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 150
33
Embodied Water, L/kg 1070
130

Common Calculations

Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 29
140
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 15
14
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 54
25
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 13
18
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 21
18
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 74
5.6
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 5.7
17

Alloy Composition

Aluminum (Al), % 87.4 to 91
0
Carbon (C), % 0
0 to 0.3
Chromium (Cr), % 0
18 to 21
Copper (Cu), % 0 to 0.3
0 to 1.2
Iron (Fe), % 0 to 0.8
72.9 to 82
Magnesium (Mg), % 0 to 0.050
0
Manganese (Mn), % 0 to 0.050
0 to 1.0
Nickel (Ni), % 0
0 to 2.0
Phosphorus (P), % 0
0 to 0.040
Silicon (Si), % 9.0 to 11
0 to 1.5
Sulfur (S), % 0
0 to 0.040
Titanium (Ti), % 0 to 0.2
0
Zinc (Zn), % 0 to 0.1
0
Residuals, % 0 to 0.15
0