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4115 Aluminum vs. SAE-AISI 4023 Steel

4115 aluminum belongs to the aluminum alloys classification, while SAE-AISI 4023 steel belongs to the iron alloys. Please note that the two materials have significantly dissimilar densities. This means that additional care is required when interpreting the data, because some material properties are based on units of mass, while others are based on units of area or volume.

For each property being compared, the top bar is 4115 aluminum and the bottom bar is SAE-AISI 4023 steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Brinell Hardness 38 to 68
130
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 70
190
Elongation at Break, % 1.1 to 11
23
Fatigue Strength, MPa 39 to 76
170
Poisson's Ratio 0.33
0.29
Shear Modulus, GPa 26
73
Shear Strength, MPa 71 to 130
280
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 120 to 220
440
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 39 to 190
230

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 420
250
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 160
400
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 640
1460
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 590
1420
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 900
470
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 160
51
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 23
12

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 41
7.1
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 140
8.1

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 9.5
2.1
Density, g/cm3 2.7
7.8
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 8.1
1.5
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 150
19
Embodied Water, L/kg 1160
47

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 2.1 to 10
86
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 11 to 270
140
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 14
13
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 50
24
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 12 to 23
16
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 20 to 30
16
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 66
14
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 5.2 to 9.9
14

Alloy Composition

Aluminum (Al), % 94.6 to 97.4
0
Carbon (C), % 0
0.2 to 0.25
Copper (Cu), % 0.1 to 0.5
0
Iron (Fe), % 0 to 0.7
98.1 to 98.8
Magnesium (Mg), % 0.1 to 0.5
0
Manganese (Mn), % 0.6 to 1.2
0.7 to 0.9
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0
0.2 to 0.3
Phosphorus (P), % 0
0 to 0.035
Silicon (Si), % 1.8 to 2.2
0.15 to 0.35
Sulfur (S), % 0
0 to 0.040
Zinc (Zn), % 0 to 0.2
0
Residuals, % 0 to 0.15
0