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4145 Aluminum vs. AISI 304H Stainless Steel

4145 aluminum belongs to the aluminum alloys classification, while AISI 304H stainless steel belongs to the iron alloys. There are 30 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (6, in this case) are not shown. Please note that the two materials have significantly dissimilar densities. This means that additional care is required when interpreting the data, because some material properties are based on units of mass, while others are based on units of area or volume.

For each property being compared, the top bar is 4145 aluminum and the bottom bar is AISI 304H stainless steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 73
200
Elongation at Break, % 2.2
40
Fatigue Strength, MPa 48
200
Poisson's Ratio 0.33
0.28
Shear Modulus, GPa 28
77
Shear Strength, MPa 69
400
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 120
580
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 68
230

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 540
290
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 160
960
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 590
1430
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 520
1380
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 880
480
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 100
17
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 21
16

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 26
2.4
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 84
2.8

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 10
15
Density, g/cm3 2.8
7.8
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 7.6
3.0
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 140
43
Embodied Water, L/kg 1040
150

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 2.3
190
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 31
130
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 14
14
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 50
25
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 12
21
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 19
20
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 42
4.5
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 5.5
13

Alloy Composition


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Aluminum (Al), % 83 to 87.4
0
Carbon (C), % 0
0.040 to 0.1
Chromium (Cr), % 0 to 0.15
18 to 20
Copper (Cu), % 3.3 to 4.7
0
Iron (Fe), % 0 to 0.8
66.6 to 74
Magnesium (Mg), % 0 to 0.15
0
Manganese (Mn), % 0 to 0.15
0 to 2.0
Nickel (Ni), % 0
8.0 to 10.5
Phosphorus (P), % 0
0 to 0.045
Silicon (Si), % 9.3 to 10.7
0 to 0.75
Sulfur (S), % 0
0 to 0.030
Zinc (Zn), % 0 to 0.2
0
Residuals, % 0 to 0.15
0