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4145 Aluminum vs. ASTM A302 Alloy Steel

4145 aluminum belongs to the aluminum alloys classification, while ASTM A302 alloy steel belongs to the iron alloys. There are 30 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (2, in this case) are not shown. Please note that the two materials have significantly dissimilar densities. This means that additional care is required when interpreting the data, because some material properties are based on units of mass, while others are based on units of area or volume.

For each property being compared, the top bar is 4145 aluminum and the bottom bar is ASTM A302 alloy steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 73
190
Elongation at Break, % 2.2
20 to 23
Fatigue Strength, MPa 48
250 to 280
Poisson's Ratio 0.33
0.29
Shear Modulus, GPa 28
73
Shear Strength, MPa 69
370 to 390
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 120
590 to 620
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 68
350 to 390

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 540
250
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 160
410
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 590
1460
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 520
1420
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 880
470
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 100
39 to 51
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 21
13

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 26
7.2 to 7.4
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 84
8.2 to 8.4

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 10
2.4 to 3.0
Density, g/cm3 2.8
7.8 to 7.9
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 7.6
1.5 to 1.6
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 140
20 to 21
Embodied Water, L/kg 1040
48 to 50

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 2.3
110 to 120
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 31
330 to 410
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 14
13
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 50
24
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 12
21 to 22
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 19
20 to 21
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 42
10 to 14
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 5.5
17 to 18