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4145 Aluminum vs. S81921 Stainless Steel

4145 aluminum belongs to the aluminum alloys classification, while S81921 stainless steel belongs to the iron alloys. There are 30 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (5, in this case) are not shown. Please note that the two materials have significantly dissimilar densities. This means that additional care is required when interpreting the data, because some material properties are based on units of mass, while others are based on units of area or volume.

For each property being compared, the top bar is 4145 aluminum and the bottom bar is S81921 stainless steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 73
200
Elongation at Break, % 2.2
29
Fatigue Strength, MPa 48
370
Poisson's Ratio 0.33
0.28
Shear Modulus, GPa 28
79
Shear Strength, MPa 69
460
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 120
710
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 68
500

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 540
290
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 160
990
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 590
1430
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 520
1390
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 880
480
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 100
15
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 21
13

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 26
2.2
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 84
2.5

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 10
14
Density, g/cm3 2.8
7.7
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 7.6
2.9
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 140
41
Embodied Water, L/kg 1040
150

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 2.3
180
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 31
630
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 14
14
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 50
25
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 12
25
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 19
23
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 42
4.0
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 5.5
20

Alloy Composition


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Aluminum (Al), % 83 to 87.4
0
Carbon (C), % 0
0 to 0.030
Chromium (Cr), % 0 to 0.15
19 to 22
Copper (Cu), % 3.3 to 4.7
0
Iron (Fe), % 0 to 0.8
66.7 to 75.9
Magnesium (Mg), % 0 to 0.15
0
Manganese (Mn), % 0 to 0.15
2.0 to 4.0
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0
1.0 to 2.0
Nickel (Ni), % 0
2.0 to 4.0
Nitrogen (N), % 0
0.14 to 0.2
Phosphorus (P), % 0
0 to 0.040
Silicon (Si), % 9.3 to 10.7
0 to 1.0
Sulfur (S), % 0
0 to 0.030
Zinc (Zn), % 0 to 0.2
0
Residuals, % 0 to 0.15
0