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5049 Aluminum vs. ASTM A514 Steel

5049 aluminum belongs to the aluminum alloys classification, while ASTM A514 steel belongs to the iron alloys. Please note that the two materials have significantly dissimilar densities. This means that additional care is required when interpreting the data, because some material properties are based on units of mass, while others are based on units of area or volume.

For each property being compared, the top bar is 5049 aluminum and the bottom bar is ASTM A514 steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Brinell Hardness 52 to 88
240 to 250
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 69
190
Elongation at Break, % 2.0 to 18
18 to 21
Fatigue Strength, MPa 79 to 130
470 to 540
Poisson's Ratio 0.33
0.29
Shear Modulus, GPa 26
73
Shear Strength, MPa 130 to 190
490 to 520
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 210 to 330
790 to 830
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 91 to 280
690 to 770

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 400
250 to 260
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 190
400 to 440
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 650
1460
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 620
1420
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 900
470
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 140
37 to 51
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 24
13

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 35
7.2 to 7.6
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 110
8.3 to 8.8

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 9.5
2.3 to 3.8
Density, g/cm3 2.7
7.8 to 7.9
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 8.5
1.6 to 1.8
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 150
21 to 25
Embodied Water, L/kg 1180
48 to 57

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 6.0 to 31
140 to 170
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 59 to 570
1280 to 1590
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 14
13
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 50
24
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 22 to 34
28 to 29
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 29 to 39
24 to 25
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 56
10 to 14
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 9.3 to 15
23 to 24