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5050 Aluminum vs. SAE-AISI 1084 Steel

5050 aluminum belongs to the aluminum alloys classification, while SAE-AISI 1084 steel belongs to the iron alloys. There are 31 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (2, in this case) are not shown. Please note that the two materials have significantly dissimilar densities. This means that additional care is required when interpreting the data, because some material properties are based on units of mass, while others are based on units of area or volume.

For each property being compared, the top bar is 5050 aluminum and the bottom bar is SAE-AISI 1084 steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Brinell Hardness 36 to 68
220 to 270
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 68
190
Elongation at Break, % 1.7 to 22
11
Fatigue Strength, MPa 45 to 100
320 to 370
Poisson's Ratio 0.33
0.29
Shear Modulus, GPa 26
72
Shear Strength, MPa 91 to 140
470 to 550
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 140 to 250
780 to 930
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 50 to 210
510 to 600

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 400
240
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 180
400
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 650
1450
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 630
1410
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 900
470
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 190
51
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 24
12

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 50
7.1
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 170
8.2

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 9.5
1.8
Density, g/cm3 2.7
7.8
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 8.4
1.4
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 150
19
Embodied Water, L/kg 1190
46

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 4.1 to 24
81 to 89
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 18 to 330
700 to 960
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 14
13
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 50
24
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 15 to 26
28 to 33
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 22 to 33
24 to 27
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 79
14
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 6.3 to 11
25 to 30

Alloy Composition

Aluminum (Al), % 96.3 to 98.9
0
Carbon (C), % 0
0.8 to 0.93
Chromium (Cr), % 0 to 0.1
0
Copper (Cu), % 0 to 0.2
0
Iron (Fe), % 0 to 0.7
98.1 to 98.6
Magnesium (Mg), % 1.1 to 1.8
0
Manganese (Mn), % 0 to 0.1
0.6 to 0.9
Phosphorus (P), % 0
0 to 0.040
Silicon (Si), % 0 to 0.4
0
Sulfur (S), % 0
0 to 0.050
Zinc (Zn), % 0 to 0.25
0
Residuals, % 0 to 0.15
0