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5051A Aluminum vs. ASTM A302 Alloy Steel

5051A aluminum belongs to the aluminum alloys classification, while ASTM A302 alloy steel belongs to the iron alloys. There are 30 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (1, in this case) are not shown. Please note that the two materials have significantly dissimilar densities. This means that additional care is required when interpreting the data, because some material properties are based on units of mass, while others are based on units of area or volume.

For each property being compared, the top bar is 5051A aluminum and the bottom bar is ASTM A302 alloy steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 68
190
Elongation at Break, % 18 to 21
20 to 23
Fatigue Strength, MPa 51 to 61
250 to 280
Poisson's Ratio 0.33
0.29
Shear Modulus, GPa 26
73
Shear Strength, MPa 110
370 to 390
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 170
590 to 620
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 56
350 to 390

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 400
250
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 190
410
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 640
1460
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 610
1420
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 900
470
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 150
39 to 51
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 23
13

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 39
7.2 to 7.4
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 130
8.2 to 8.4

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 9.5
2.4 to 3.0
Density, g/cm3 2.7
7.8 to 7.9
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 8.5
1.5 to 1.6
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 150
20 to 21
Embodied Water, L/kg 1190
48 to 50

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 24 to 27
110 to 120
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 23
330 to 410
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 14
13
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 50
24
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 17 to 18
21 to 22
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 25
20 to 21
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 63
10 to 14
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 7.6
17 to 18