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5070 Aluminum vs. SAE-AISI 1020 Steel

5070 aluminum belongs to the aluminum alloys classification, while SAE-AISI 1020 steel belongs to the iron alloys. There are 30 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (2, in this case) are not shown. Please note that the two materials have significantly dissimilar densities. This means that additional care is required when interpreting the data, because some material properties are based on units of mass, while others are based on units of area or volume.

For each property being compared, the top bar is 5070 aluminum and the bottom bar is SAE-AISI 1020 steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 68
190
Elongation at Break, % 20
17 to 28
Fatigue Strength, MPa 150
180 to 250
Poisson's Ratio 0.33
0.29
Shear Modulus, GPa 26
73
Shear Strength, MPa 190
280
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 300
430 to 460
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 140
240 to 380

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 390
250
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 190
400
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 640
1460
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 550
1420
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 900
470
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 130
52
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 24
12

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 31
11
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 100
12

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 9.5
1.8
Density, g/cm3 2.7
7.9
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 8.8
1.4
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 150
18
Embodied Water, L/kg 1170
45

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 51
72 to 100
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 150
150 to 380
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 14
13
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 50
24
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 31
15 to 16
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 37
16 to 17
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 53
14
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 14
13 to 14

Alloy Composition


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Aluminum (Al), % 92.4 to 95.7
0
Carbon (C), % 0
0.18 to 0.23
Chromium (Cr), % 0 to 0.3
0
Copper (Cu), % 0 to 0.25
0
Iron (Fe), % 0 to 0.4
99.08 to 99.52
Magnesium (Mg), % 3.5 to 4.5
0
Manganese (Mn), % 0.4 to 0.8
0.3 to 0.6
Phosphorus (P), % 0
0 to 0.040
Silicon (Si), % 0 to 0.25
0
Sulfur (S), % 0
0 to 0.050
Titanium (Ti), % 0 to 0.15
0
Zinc (Zn), % 0.4 to 0.8
0
Residuals, % 0 to 0.15
0