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518.0 Aluminum vs. SAE-AISI P4 Steel

518.0 aluminum belongs to the aluminum alloys classification, while SAE-AISI P4 steel belongs to the iron alloys. There are 23 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (9, in this case) are not shown. Please note that the two materials have significantly dissimilar densities. This means that additional care is required when interpreting the data, because some material properties are based on units of mass, while others are based on units of area or volume.

For each property being compared, the top bar is 518.0 aluminum and the bottom bar is SAE-AISI P4 steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 67
190
Poisson's Ratio 0.33
0.29
Shear Modulus, GPa 25
74
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 310
390 to 1980

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 390
260
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 620
1460
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 560
1420
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 900
470
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 98
41
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 24
12

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 24
8.1
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 81
9.3

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 9.5
4.4
Density, g/cm3 2.7
7.8
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 9.4
1.8
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 150
23
Embodied Water, L/kg 1160
68

Common Calculations

Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 14
14
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 51
24
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 32
14 to 70
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 38
15 to 45
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 40
11
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 14
13 to 64

Alloy Composition

Aluminum (Al), % 88.1 to 92.5
0
Carbon (C), % 0
0 to 0.12
Chromium (Cr), % 0
4.0 to 5.3
Copper (Cu), % 0 to 0.25
0 to 0.25
Iron (Fe), % 0 to 1.8
92.3 to 95.3
Magnesium (Mg), % 7.5 to 8.5
0
Manganese (Mn), % 0 to 0.35
0.2 to 0.6
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0
0.4 to 1.0
Nickel (Ni), % 0 to 0.15
0
Phosphorus (P), % 0
0 to 0.030
Silicon (Si), % 0 to 0.35
0.1 to 0.4
Sulfur (S), % 0
0 to 0.030
Tin (Sn), % 0 to 0.15
0
Zinc (Zn), % 0 to 0.15
0
Residuals, % 0 to 0.25
0