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5454 Aluminum vs. S32101 Stainless Steel

5454 aluminum belongs to the aluminum alloys classification, while S32101 stainless steel belongs to the iron alloys. There are 31 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (3, in this case) are not shown. Please note that the two materials have significantly dissimilar densities. This means that additional care is required when interpreting the data, because some material properties are based on units of mass, while others are based on units of area or volume.

For each property being compared, the top bar is 5454 aluminum and the bottom bar is S32101 stainless steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Brinell Hardness 61 to 93
260
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 69
200
Elongation at Break, % 2.3 to 18
34
Fatigue Strength, MPa 83 to 160
400
Poisson's Ratio 0.33
0.28
Shear Modulus, GPa 26
78
Shear Strength, MPa 140 to 200
490
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 230 to 350
740
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 97 to 290
500

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 400
290
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 190
1000
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 650
1420
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 600
1370
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 900
480
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 130
15
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 24
13

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 34
2.2
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 110
2.5

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 9.5
12
Density, g/cm3 2.7
7.7
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 8.6
2.6
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 150
38
Embodied Water, L/kg 1180
150

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 6.3 to 34
230
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 68 to 590
640
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 14
14
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 50
25
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 23 to 36
27
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 30 to 41
24
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 55
4.0
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 10 to 16
20

Alloy Composition

Aluminum (Al), % 94.5 to 97.1
0
Carbon (C), % 0
0 to 0.040
Chromium (Cr), % 0.050 to 0.2
21 to 22
Copper (Cu), % 0 to 0.1
0.1 to 0.8
Iron (Fe), % 0 to 0.4
67.3 to 73.3
Magnesium (Mg), % 2.4 to 3.0
0
Manganese (Mn), % 0.5 to 1.0
4.0 to 6.0
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0
0.1 to 0.8
Nickel (Ni), % 0
1.4 to 1.7
Nitrogen (N), % 0
0.2 to 0.25
Phosphorus (P), % 0
0 to 0.040
Silicon (Si), % 0 to 0.25
0 to 1.0
Sulfur (S), % 0
0 to 0.030
Titanium (Ti), % 0 to 0.2
0
Zinc (Zn), % 0 to 0.25
0
Residuals, % 0 to 0.15
0