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7049 Aluminum vs. ACI-ASTM CG12 Steel

7049 aluminum belongs to the aluminum alloys classification, while ACI-ASTM CG12 steel belongs to the iron alloys. There are 30 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (3, in this case) are not shown. Please note that the two materials have significantly dissimilar densities. This means that additional care is required when interpreting the data, because some material properties are based on units of mass, while others are based on units of area or volume.

For each property being compared, the top bar is 7049 aluminum and the bottom bar is ACI-ASTM CG12 steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Brinell Hardness 140
160
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 70
200
Elongation at Break, % 6.2 to 7.0
40
Fatigue Strength, MPa 160 to 170
190
Poisson's Ratio 0.32
0.28
Shear Modulus, GPa 27
78
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 510 to 530
550
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 420 to 450
220

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 370
300
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 180
1040
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 640
1410
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 480
1370
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 860
480
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 130
15
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 23
16

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 36
2.1
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 110
2.4

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 10
18
Density, g/cm3 3.1
7.8
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 8.1
3.3
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 140
48
Embodied Water, L/kg 1110
160

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 31 to 34
180
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 1270 to 1440
120
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 13
14
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 45
25
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 46 to 47
20
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 46 to 47
19
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 51
4.0
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 22 to 23
12

Alloy Composition

Aluminum (Al), % 85.7 to 89.5
0
Carbon (C), % 0
0 to 0.12
Chromium (Cr), % 0.1 to 0.22
20 to 23
Copper (Cu), % 1.2 to 1.9
0
Iron (Fe), % 0 to 0.35
60.3 to 70
Magnesium (Mg), % 2.0 to 2.9
0
Manganese (Mn), % 0 to 0.2
0 to 1.5
Nickel (Ni), % 0
10 to 13
Phosphorus (P), % 0
0 to 0.040
Silicon (Si), % 0 to 0.25
0 to 2.0
Sulfur (S), % 0
0 to 0.040
Titanium (Ti), % 0 to 0.1
0
Zinc (Zn), % 7.2 to 8.2
0
Residuals, % 0 to 0.15
0