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7049 Aluminum vs. ASTM A302 Alloy Steel

7049 aluminum belongs to the aluminum alloys classification, while ASTM A302 alloy steel belongs to the iron alloys. Please note that the two materials have significantly dissimilar densities. This means that additional care is required when interpreting the data, because some material properties are based on units of mass, while others are based on units of area or volume.

For each property being compared, the top bar is 7049 aluminum and the bottom bar is ASTM A302 alloy steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Brinell Hardness 140
180 to 190
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 70
190
Elongation at Break, % 6.2 to 7.0
20 to 23
Fatigue Strength, MPa 160 to 170
250 to 280
Poisson's Ratio 0.32
0.29
Shear Modulus, GPa 27
73
Shear Strength, MPa 300 to 310
370 to 390
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 510 to 530
590 to 620
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 420 to 450
350 to 390

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 370
250
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 180
410
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 640
1460
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 480
1420
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 860
470
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 130
39 to 51
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 23
13

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 36
7.2 to 7.4
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 110
8.2 to 8.4

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 10
2.4 to 3.0
Density, g/cm3 3.1
7.8 to 7.9
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 8.1
1.5 to 1.6
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 140
20 to 21
Embodied Water, L/kg 1110
48 to 50

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 31 to 34
110 to 120
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 1270 to 1440
330 to 410
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 13
13
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 45
24
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 46 to 47
21 to 22
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 46 to 47
20 to 21
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 51
10 to 14
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 22 to 23
17 to 18