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7049 Aluminum vs. SAE-AISI H21 Steel

7049 aluminum belongs to the aluminum alloys classification, while SAE-AISI H21 steel belongs to the iron alloys. There are 21 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (11, in this case) are not shown. Please note that the two materials have significantly dissimilar densities. This means that additional care is required when interpreting the data, because some material properties are based on units of mass, while others are based on units of area or volume.

For each property being compared, the top bar is 7049 aluminum and the bottom bar is SAE-AISI H21 steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 70
200
Poisson's Ratio 0.32
0.29
Shear Modulus, GPa 27
76
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 510 to 530
720 to 1790

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 370
250
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 640
1630
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 480
1580
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 860
440
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 130
27
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 23
11

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 10
23
Density, g/cm3 3.1
8.5
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 8.1
4.5
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 140
68
Embodied Water, L/kg 1110
72

Common Calculations

Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 13
13
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 45
23
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 46 to 47
23 to 58
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 46 to 47
21 to 38
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 51
7.1
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 22 to 23
24 to 59

Alloy Composition

Aluminum (Al), % 85.7 to 89.5
0
Carbon (C), % 0
0.28 to 0.36
Chromium (Cr), % 0.1 to 0.22
3.0 to 3.8
Copper (Cu), % 1.2 to 1.9
0 to 0.25
Iron (Fe), % 0 to 0.35
87.6 to 93.8
Magnesium (Mg), % 2.0 to 2.9
0
Manganese (Mn), % 0 to 0.2
0.15 to 0.4
Nickel (Ni), % 0
0 to 0.3
Phosphorus (P), % 0
0 to 0.030
Silicon (Si), % 0 to 0.25
0.15 to 0.5
Sulfur (S), % 0
0 to 0.030
Titanium (Ti), % 0 to 0.1
0
Tungsten (W), % 0
8.5 to 10
Vanadium (V), % 0
0.3 to 0.6
Zinc (Zn), % 7.2 to 8.2
0
Residuals, % 0 to 0.15
0