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7049 Aluminum vs. S31254 Stainless Steel

7049 aluminum belongs to the aluminum alloys classification, while S31254 stainless steel belongs to the iron alloys. There are 31 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (4, in this case) are not shown. Please note that the two materials have significantly dissimilar densities. This means that additional care is required when interpreting the data, because some material properties are based on units of mass, while others are based on units of area or volume.

For each property being compared, the top bar is 7049 aluminum and the bottom bar is S31254 stainless steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Brinell Hardness 140
190
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 70
200
Elongation at Break, % 6.2 to 7.0
40
Fatigue Strength, MPa 160 to 170
290
Poisson's Ratio 0.32
0.28
Shear Modulus, GPa 27
80
Shear Strength, MPa 300 to 310
490
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 510 to 530
720
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 420 to 450
330

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 370
300
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 180
1090
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 640
1460
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 480
1420
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 860
460
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 130
14
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 23
17

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 36
2.0
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 110
2.3

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 10
28
Density, g/cm3 3.1
8.0
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 8.1
5.5
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 140
74
Embodied Water, L/kg 1110
190

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 31 to 34
240
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 1270 to 1440
270
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 13
14
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 45
24
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 46 to 47
25
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 46 to 47
22
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 51
3.8
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 22 to 23
15

Alloy Composition

Aluminum (Al), % 85.7 to 89.5
0
Carbon (C), % 0
0 to 0.020
Chromium (Cr), % 0.1 to 0.22
19.5 to 20.5
Copper (Cu), % 1.2 to 1.9
0.5 to 1.0
Iron (Fe), % 0 to 0.35
51.4 to 56.3
Magnesium (Mg), % 2.0 to 2.9
0
Manganese (Mn), % 0 to 0.2
0 to 1.0
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0
6.0 to 6.5
Nickel (Ni), % 0
17.5 to 18.5
Nitrogen (N), % 0
0.18 to 0.22
Phosphorus (P), % 0
0 to 0.030
Silicon (Si), % 0 to 0.25
0 to 0.8
Sulfur (S), % 0
0 to 0.010
Titanium (Ti), % 0 to 0.1
0
Zinc (Zn), % 7.2 to 8.2
0
Residuals, % 0 to 0.15
0