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705.0 Aluminum vs. SAE-AISI 4720 Steel

705.0 aluminum belongs to the aluminum alloys classification, while SAE-AISI 4720 steel belongs to the iron alloys. There are 30 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (2, in this case) are not shown. Please note that the two materials have significantly dissimilar densities. This means that additional care is required when interpreting the data, because some material properties are based on units of mass, while others are based on units of area or volume.

For each property being compared, the top bar is 705.0 aluminum and the bottom bar is SAE-AISI 4720 steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Brinell Hardness 62 to 65
150
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 69
190
Elongation at Break, % 8.4 to 10
25
Fatigue Strength, MPa 63 to 98
260
Poisson's Ratio 0.33
0.29
Shear Modulus, GPa 26
73
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 240 to 260
490
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 130
350

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 390
250
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 180
410
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 640
1460
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 610
1420
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 890
470
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 140
39
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 24
13

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 34
7.3
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 110
8.4

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 9.5
2.9
Density, g/cm3 2.8
7.9
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 8.4
1.6
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 150
21
Embodied Water, L/kg 1170
50

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 18 to 20
110
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 120 to 130
330
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 14
13
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 49
24
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 24 to 26
17
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 31 to 32
18
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 55
10
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 11
14

Alloy Composition

Aluminum (Al), % 92.3 to 98.6
0
Carbon (C), % 0
0.17 to 0.22
Chromium (Cr), % 0 to 0.4
0.35 to 0.55
Copper (Cu), % 0 to 0.2
0
Iron (Fe), % 0 to 0.8
96.7 to 97.8
Magnesium (Mg), % 1.4 to 1.8
0
Manganese (Mn), % 0 to 0.6
0.5 to 0.7
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0
0.15 to 0.25
Nickel (Ni), % 0
0.9 to 1.2
Phosphorus (P), % 0
0 to 0.035
Silicon (Si), % 0 to 0.2
0.15 to 0.35
Sulfur (S), % 0
0 to 0.040
Titanium (Ti), % 0 to 0.25
0
Zinc (Zn), % 0 to 3.3
0
Residuals, % 0 to 0.15
0