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8090 Aluminum vs. SAE-AISI 1080 Steel

8090 aluminum belongs to the aluminum alloys classification, while SAE-AISI 1080 steel belongs to the iron alloys. There are 29 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (4, in this case) are not shown. Please note that the two materials have significantly dissimilar densities. This means that additional care is required when interpreting the data, because some material properties are based on units of mass, while others are based on units of area or volume.

For each property being compared, the top bar is 8090 aluminum and the bottom bar is SAE-AISI 1080 steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 67
190
Elongation at Break, % 3.5 to 13
11
Fatigue Strength, MPa 91 to 140
300 to 360
Poisson's Ratio 0.33
0.29
Shear Modulus, GPa 25
72
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 340 to 490
770 to 870
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 210 to 420
480 to 590

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 400
250
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 190
400
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 660
1450
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 600
1410
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 960
470
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 95 to 160
51
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 24
12

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 20
9.6
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 66
11

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 18
1.8
Density, g/cm3 2.7
7.8
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 8.6
1.4
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 170
19
Embodied Water, L/kg 1160
46

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 16 to 41
80 to 84
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 340 to 1330
610 to 920
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 14
13
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 50
24
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 34 to 49
27 to 31
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 39 to 50
24 to 26
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 36 to 60
14
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 15 to 22
25 to 29

Alloy Composition


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Aluminum (Al), % 93 to 98.4
0
Carbon (C), % 0
0.75 to 0.88
Chromium (Cr), % 0 to 0.1
0
Copper (Cu), % 1.0 to 1.6
0
Iron (Fe), % 0 to 0.3
98.1 to 98.7
Lithium (Li), % 2.2 to 2.7
0
Magnesium (Mg), % 0.6 to 1.3
0
Manganese (Mn), % 0 to 0.1
0.6 to 0.9
Phosphorus (P), % 0
0 to 0.040
Silicon (Si), % 0 to 0.2
0
Sulfur (S), % 0
0 to 0.050
Titanium (Ti), % 0 to 0.1
0
Zinc (Zn), % 0 to 0.25
0
Zirconium (Zr), % 0.040 to 0.16
0
Residuals, % 0 to 0.15
0