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ACI-ASTM CD4MCu Steel vs. ASTM A231 Spring Steel

Both ACI-ASTM CD4MCu steel and ASTM A231 spring steel are iron alloys. They have 65% of their average alloy composition in common. There are 28 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (6, in this case) are not shown.

For each property being compared, the top bar is ACI-ASTM CD4MCu steel and the bottom bar is ASTM A231 spring steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 200
190
Elongation at Break, % 18
14
Fatigue Strength, MPa 340
1000
Poisson's Ratio 0.27
0.29
Shear Modulus, GPa 79
73
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 770
1790
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 550
1570

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 300
250
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 1100
420
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1430
1460
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1380
1410
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 480
470
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 17
52
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 13
13

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 2.2
7.3
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 2.5
8.4

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 18
2.3
Density, g/cm3 7.8
7.8
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 3.5
2.0
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 49
28
Embodied Water, L/kg 180
51

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 130
230
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 14
13
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 25
24
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 28
64
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 24
42
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 4.5
14
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 21
53

Alloy Composition

Carbon (C), % 0 to 0.040
0.48 to 0.53
Chromium (Cr), % 24.5 to 26.5
0.8 to 1.1
Copper (Cu), % 2.8 to 3.3
0
Iron (Fe), % 59.9 to 66.3
96.7 to 97.7
Manganese (Mn), % 0 to 1.0
0.7 to 0.9
Molybdenum (Mo), % 1.8 to 2.3
0
Nickel (Ni), % 4.8 to 6.0
0
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.040
0 to 0.040
Silicon (Si), % 0 to 1.0
0.15 to 0.35
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.040
0 to 0.040
Vanadium (V), % 0
0.15 to 0.3