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ACI-ASTM CG12 Steel vs. 2014A Aluminum

ACI-ASTM CG12 steel belongs to the iron alloys classification, while 2014A aluminum belongs to the aluminum alloys. There are 29 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (4, in this case) are not shown. Please note that the two materials have significantly dissimilar densities. This means that additional care is required when interpreting the data, because some material properties are based on units of mass, while others are based on units of area or volume.

For each property being compared, the top bar is ACI-ASTM CG12 steel and the bottom bar is 2014A aluminum.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 200
72
Elongation at Break, % 40
6.2 to 16
Fatigue Strength, MPa 190
93 to 150
Poisson's Ratio 0.28
0.33
Shear Modulus, GPa 78
27
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 550
210 to 490
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 220
110 to 430

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 300
400
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 1040
210
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1410
640
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1370
510
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 480
870
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 15
150
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 16
23

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 2.1
37
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 2.4
110

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 18
11
Density, g/cm3 7.8
3.0
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 3.3
8.1
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 48
150
Embodied Water, L/kg 160
1140

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 180
24 to 49
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 120
85 to 1300
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 14
13
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 25
46
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 20
19 to 45
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 19
26 to 46
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 4.0
55
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 12
9.0 to 22

Alloy Composition

Aluminum (Al), % 0
90.8 to 95
Carbon (C), % 0 to 0.12
0
Chromium (Cr), % 20 to 23
0 to 0.1
Copper (Cu), % 0
3.9 to 5.0
Iron (Fe), % 60.3 to 70
0 to 0.5
Magnesium (Mg), % 0
0.2 to 0.8
Manganese (Mn), % 0 to 1.5
0.4 to 1.2
Nickel (Ni), % 10 to 13
0 to 0.1
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.040
0
Silicon (Si), % 0 to 2.0
0.5 to 0.9
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.040
0
Titanium (Ti), % 0
0 to 0.15
Zinc (Zn), % 0
0 to 0.25
Zirconium (Zr), % 0
0 to 0.2
Residuals, % 0
0 to 0.15