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AISI 301L Stainless Steel vs. AISI 304Cu Stainless Steel

Both AISI 301L stainless steel and AISI 304Cu stainless steel are iron alloys. They have a moderately high 94% of their average alloy composition in common.

For each property being compared, the top bar is AISI 301L stainless steel and the bottom bar is AISI 304Cu stainless steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Brinell Hardness 210 to 320
160
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 200
190
Elongation at Break, % 22 to 50
45
Fatigue Strength, MPa 240 to 530
190
Poisson's Ratio 0.28
0.28
Shear Modulus, GPa 77
76
Shear Strength, MPa 440 to 660
370
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 620 to 1040
530
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 250 to 790
210

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 280
290
Maximum Temperature: Corrosion, °C 410
420
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 890
930
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1430
1410
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1390
1370
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 480
480
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 15
13
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 16
16

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 2.3
2.4
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 2.7
2.8

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 13
16
Density, g/cm3 7.8
7.8
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 2.7
3.0
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 39
43
Embodied Water, L/kg 130
150

Common Calculations

PREN (Pitting Resistance) 19
18
Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 210 to 300
190
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 160 to 1580
110
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 14
14
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 25
25
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 22 to 37
19
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 21 to 29
19
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 4.1
3.5
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 14 to 24
12

Alloy Composition

Carbon (C), % 0 to 0.030
0 to 0.030
Chromium (Cr), % 16 to 18
17 to 19
Copper (Cu), % 0
3.0 to 4.0
Iron (Fe), % 70.7 to 78
63.9 to 72
Manganese (Mn), % 0 to 2.0
0 to 2.0
Nickel (Ni), % 6.0 to 8.0
8.0 to 10
Nitrogen (N), % 0 to 0.2
0
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.045
0 to 0.045
Silicon (Si), % 0 to 1.0
0 to 1.0
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.030
0 to 0.030