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AISI 304 Stainless Steel vs. 238.0 Aluminum

AISI 304 stainless steel belongs to the iron alloys classification, while 238.0 aluminum belongs to the aluminum alloys. There are 29 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (5, in this case) are not shown. Please note that the two materials have significantly dissimilar densities. This means that additional care is required when interpreting the data, because some material properties are based on units of mass, while others are based on units of area or volume.

For each property being compared, the top bar is AISI 304 stainless steel and the bottom bar is 238.0 aluminum.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 200
76
Elongation at Break, % 8.0 to 43
1.5
Fatigue Strength, MPa 210 to 440
110
Poisson's Ratio 0.28
0.33
Shear Modulus, GPa 77
28
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 580 to 1180
210
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 230 to 860
170

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 290
430
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 710
170
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1450
600
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1400
510
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 480
840
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 16
100
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 17
21

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 2.4
25
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 2.7
67

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 15
12
Density, g/cm3 7.8
3.4
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 3.0
7.4
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 43
140
Embodied Water, L/kg 150
1040

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 86 to 250
2.9
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 140 to 1870
180
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 14
12
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 25
42
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 21 to 42
17
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 20 to 32
23
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 4.2
37
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 12 to 25
9.1

Alloy Composition

Aluminum (Al), % 0
81.9 to 84.9
Carbon (C), % 0 to 0.080
0
Chromium (Cr), % 18 to 20
0
Copper (Cu), % 0
9.5 to 10.5
Iron (Fe), % 66.5 to 74
1.0 to 1.5
Magnesium (Mg), % 0
0 to 0.25
Manganese (Mn), % 0 to 2.0
0
Nickel (Ni), % 8.0 to 10.5
0
Nitrogen (N), % 0 to 0.1
0
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.045
0
Silicon (Si), % 0 to 0.75
3.6 to 4.4
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.030
0
Zinc (Zn), % 0
1.0 to 1.5