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AISI 304 Stainless Steel vs. AISI 431 Stainless Steel

Both AISI 304 stainless steel and AISI 431 stainless steel are iron alloys. They have 89% of their average alloy composition in common. There are 33 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (2, in this case) are not shown.

For each property being compared, the top bar is AISI 304 stainless steel and the bottom bar is AISI 431 stainless steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Brinell Hardness 170 to 360
250
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 200
200
Elongation at Break, % 8.0 to 43
15 to 17
Fatigue Strength, MPa 210 to 440
430 to 610
Poisson's Ratio 0.28
0.28
Shear Modulus, GPa 77
77
Shear Strength, MPa 400 to 690
550 to 840
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 580 to 1180
890 to 1380
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 230 to 860
710 to 1040

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 290
280
Maximum Temperature: Corrosion, °C 420
400
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 710
850
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1450
1510
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1400
1450
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 480
480
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 16
26
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 17
12

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 2.4
2.6
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 2.7
3.0

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 15
9.0
Density, g/cm3 7.8
7.7
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 3.0
2.2
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 43
31
Embodied Water, L/kg 150
120

Common Calculations

PREN (Pitting Resistance) 20
16
Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 86 to 250
140 to 180
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 140 to 1870
1270 to 2770
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 14
14
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 25
25
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 21 to 42
32 to 50
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 20 to 32
27 to 36
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 4.2
7.0
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 12 to 25
28 to 43

Alloy Composition

Carbon (C), % 0 to 0.080
0 to 0.2
Chromium (Cr), % 18 to 20
15 to 17
Iron (Fe), % 66.5 to 74
78.2 to 83.8
Manganese (Mn), % 0 to 2.0
0 to 1.0
Nickel (Ni), % 8.0 to 10.5
1.3 to 2.5
Nitrogen (N), % 0 to 0.1
0
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.045
0 to 0.040
Silicon (Si), % 0 to 0.75
0 to 1.0
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.030
0 to 0.030