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AISI 304 Stainless Steel vs. ASTM A387 Grade 21 Steel

Both AISI 304 stainless steel and ASTM A387 grade 21 steel are iron alloys. They have 74% of their average alloy composition in common. There are 32 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (2, in this case) are not shown.

For each property being compared, the top bar is AISI 304 stainless steel and the bottom bar is ASTM A387 grade 21 steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Brinell Hardness 170 to 360
150 to 180
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 200
190
Elongation at Break, % 8.0 to 43
21
Fatigue Strength, MPa 210 to 440
160 to 250
Poisson's Ratio 0.28
0.29
Shear Modulus, GPa 77
74
Shear Strength, MPa 400 to 690
310 to 370
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 580 to 1180
500 to 590
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 230 to 860
230 to 350

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 290
260
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 710
480
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1450
1470
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1400
1430
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 480
470
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 16
41
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 17
13

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 2.4
7.6
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 2.7
8.8

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 15
4.1
Density, g/cm3 7.8
7.9
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 3.0
1.8
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 43
23
Embodied Water, L/kg 150
62

Common Calculations

PREN (Pitting Resistance) 20
6.4
Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 86 to 250
84 to 110
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 140 to 1870
140 to 320
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 14
13
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 25
24
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 21 to 42
18 to 21
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 20 to 32
18 to 20
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 4.2
11
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 12 to 25
14 to 17

Alloy Composition

Carbon (C), % 0 to 0.080
0.050 to 0.15
Chromium (Cr), % 18 to 20
2.8 to 3.3
Iron (Fe), % 66.5 to 74
94.4 to 96
Manganese (Mn), % 0 to 2.0
0.3 to 0.6
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0
0.9 to 1.1
Nickel (Ni), % 8.0 to 10.5
0
Nitrogen (N), % 0 to 0.1
0
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.045
0 to 0.025
Silicon (Si), % 0 to 0.75
0 to 0.5
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.030
0 to 0.025

Comparable Variants