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AISI 304 Stainless Steel vs. SAE-AISI 1012 Steel

Both AISI 304 stainless steel and SAE-AISI 1012 steel are iron alloys. They have 71% of their average alloy composition in common. There are 31 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (4, in this case) are not shown.

For each property being compared, the top bar is AISI 304 stainless steel and the bottom bar is SAE-AISI 1012 steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Brinell Hardness 170 to 360
100 to 110
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 200
190
Elongation at Break, % 8.0 to 43
21 to 31
Fatigue Strength, MPa 210 to 440
150 to 230
Poisson's Ratio 0.28
0.29
Shear Modulus, GPa 77
73
Shear Strength, MPa 400 to 690
230 to 250
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 580 to 1180
360 to 400
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 230 to 860
200 to 330

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 290
250
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 710
400
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1450
1470
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1400
1420
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 480
470
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 16
53
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 17
12

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 2.4
6.9
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 2.7
7.9

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 15
1.8
Density, g/cm3 7.8
7.9
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 3.0
1.4
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 43
18
Embodied Water, L/kg 150
45

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 86 to 250
80 to 93
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 140 to 1870
110 to 300
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 14
13
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 25
24
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 21 to 42
13 to 14
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 20 to 32
14 to 15
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 4.2
14
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 12 to 25
11 to 13

Alloy Composition

Carbon (C), % 0 to 0.080
0.1 to 0.15
Chromium (Cr), % 18 to 20
0
Iron (Fe), % 66.5 to 74
99.16 to 99.6
Manganese (Mn), % 0 to 2.0
0.3 to 0.6
Nickel (Ni), % 8.0 to 10.5
0
Nitrogen (N), % 0 to 0.1
0
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.045
0 to 0.040
Silicon (Si), % 0 to 0.75
0
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.030
0 to 0.050