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AISI 304 Stainless Steel vs. SAE-AISI 1040 Steel

Both AISI 304 stainless steel and SAE-AISI 1040 steel are iron alloys. They have 71% of their average alloy composition in common. There are 31 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (4, in this case) are not shown.

For each property being compared, the top bar is AISI 304 stainless steel and the bottom bar is SAE-AISI 1040 steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Brinell Hardness 170 to 360
160 to 180
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 200
190
Elongation at Break, % 8.0 to 43
13 to 20
Fatigue Strength, MPa 210 to 440
220 to 340
Poisson's Ratio 0.28
0.29
Shear Modulus, GPa 77
73
Shear Strength, MPa 400 to 690
350 to 390
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 580 to 1180
570 to 640
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 230 to 860
320 to 530

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 290
250
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 710
400
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1450
1460
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1400
1420
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 480
470
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 16
51
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 17
12

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 2.4
7.0
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 2.7
8.0

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 15
1.8
Density, g/cm3 7.8
7.8
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 3.0
1.4
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 43
18
Embodied Water, L/kg 150
46

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 86 to 250
79 to 96
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 140 to 1870
270 to 760
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 14
13
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 25
24
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 21 to 42
20 to 23
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 20 to 32
19 to 21
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 4.2
14
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 12 to 25
18 to 20

Alloy Composition

Carbon (C), % 0 to 0.080
0.37 to 0.44
Chromium (Cr), % 18 to 20
0
Iron (Fe), % 66.5 to 74
98.6 to 99.03
Manganese (Mn), % 0 to 2.0
0.6 to 0.9
Nickel (Ni), % 8.0 to 10.5
0
Nitrogen (N), % 0 to 0.1
0
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.045
0 to 0.040
Silicon (Si), % 0 to 0.75
0
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.030
0 to 0.050