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AISI 304L Stainless Steel vs. AISI 405 Stainless Steel

Both AISI 304L stainless steel and AISI 405 stainless steel are iron alloys. They have 84% of their average alloy composition in common. There are 35 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (1, in this case) are not shown.

For each property being compared, the top bar is AISI 304L stainless steel and the bottom bar is AISI 405 stainless steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Brinell Hardness 160 to 350
170
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 200
190
Elongation at Break, % 6.7 to 46
22
Fatigue Strength, MPa 170 to 430
130
Poisson's Ratio 0.28
0.28
Rockwell B Hardness 79
76
Shear Modulus, GPa 77
76
Shear Strength, MPa 370 to 680
300
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 540 to 1160
470
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 190 to 870
200

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 290
280
Maximum Temperature: Corrosion, °C 420
390
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 540
820
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1450
1530
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1400
1480
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 480
480
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 16
30
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 17
11

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 2.4
2.9
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 2.7
3.3

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 16
7.0
Calomel Potential, mV -80
-210
Density, g/cm3 7.8
7.7
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 3.1
2.0
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 44
28
Embodied Water, L/kg 150
100

Common Calculations

PREN (Pitting Resistance) 20
13
Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 71 to 240
84
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 92 to 1900
100
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 14
14
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 25
25
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 19 to 41
17
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 19 to 31
17
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 4.2
8.1
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 12 to 25
16

Alloy Composition

Aluminum (Al), % 0
0.1 to 0.3
Carbon (C), % 0 to 0.030
0 to 0.080
Chromium (Cr), % 18 to 20
11.5 to 14.5
Iron (Fe), % 65 to 74
82.5 to 88.4
Manganese (Mn), % 0 to 2.0
0 to 1.0
Nickel (Ni), % 8.0 to 12
0 to 0.6
Nitrogen (N), % 0 to 0.1
0
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.045
0 to 0.040
Silicon (Si), % 0 to 0.75
0 to 1.0
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.030
0 to 0.030