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AISI 304L Stainless Steel vs. SAE-AISI 4012 Steel

Both AISI 304L stainless steel and SAE-AISI 4012 steel are iron alloys. They have 71% of their average alloy composition in common. There are 31 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (4, in this case) are not shown.

For each property being compared, the top bar is AISI 304L stainless steel and the bottom bar is SAE-AISI 4012 steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Brinell Hardness 160 to 350
130
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 200
190
Elongation at Break, % 6.7 to 46
23
Fatigue Strength, MPa 170 to 430
160
Poisson's Ratio 0.28
0.29
Shear Modulus, GPa 77
73
Shear Strength, MPa 370 to 680
270
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 540 to 1160
420
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 190 to 870
220

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 290
250
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 540
400
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1450
1460
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1400
1420
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 480
470
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 16
51
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 17
13

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 2.4
7.1
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 2.7
8.1

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 16
2.1
Density, g/cm3 7.8
7.8
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 3.1
1.5
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 44
19
Embodied Water, L/kg 150
47

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 71 to 240
82
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 92 to 1900
130
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 14
13
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 25
24
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 19 to 41
15
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 19 to 31
16
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 4.2
14
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 12 to 25
12

Alloy Composition

Carbon (C), % 0 to 0.030
0.090 to 0.14
Chromium (Cr), % 18 to 20
0
Iron (Fe), % 65 to 74
98.2 to 98.9
Manganese (Mn), % 0 to 2.0
0.75 to 1.0
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0
0.15 to 0.25
Nickel (Ni), % 8.0 to 12
0
Nitrogen (N), % 0 to 0.1
0
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.045
0 to 0.035
Silicon (Si), % 0 to 0.75
0.15 to 0.35
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.030
0 to 0.040