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AISI 305 Stainless Steel vs. 5059 Aluminum

AISI 305 stainless steel belongs to the iron alloys classification, while 5059 aluminum belongs to the aluminum alloys. There are 31 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (3, in this case) are not shown. Please note that the two materials have significantly dissimilar densities. This means that additional care is required when interpreting the data, because some material properties are based on units of mass, while others are based on units of area or volume.

For each property being compared, the top bar is AISI 305 stainless steel and the bottom bar is 5059 aluminum.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 200
69
Elongation at Break, % 34 to 45
11 to 25
Fatigue Strength, MPa 210 to 280
170 to 240
Poisson's Ratio 0.28
0.33
Shear Modulus, GPa 77
26
Shear Strength, MPa 400 to 470
220 to 250
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 580 to 710
350 to 410
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 230 to 350
170 to 300

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 290
390
Maximum Temperature: Corrosion, °C 410
65
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 540
210
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1450
650
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1400
510
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 480
900
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 16
110
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 17
24

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 2.4
29
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 2.7
95

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 16
9.5
Density, g/cm3 7.8
2.7
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 3.2
9.1
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 45
160
Embodied Water, L/kg 150
1160

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 200 to 210
42 to 75
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 130 to 320
220 to 650
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 14
14
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 25
50
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 20 to 25
36 to 42
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 20 to 23
41 to 45
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 4.2
44
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 13 to 15
16 to 18

Alloy Composition

Aluminum (Al), % 0
89.9 to 94
Carbon (C), % 0 to 0.12
0
Chromium (Cr), % 17 to 19
0 to 0.25
Copper (Cu), % 0
0 to 0.25
Iron (Fe), % 65.1 to 72.5
0 to 0.5
Magnesium (Mg), % 0
5.0 to 6.0
Manganese (Mn), % 0 to 2.0
0.6 to 1.2
Nickel (Ni), % 10.5 to 13
0
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.045
0
Silicon (Si), % 0 to 0.75
0 to 0.45
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.030
0
Titanium (Ti), % 0
0 to 0.2
Zinc (Zn), % 0
0.4 to 0.9
Zirconium (Zr), % 0
0.050 to 0.25
Residuals, % 0
0 to 0.15