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AISI 305 Stainless Steel vs. AISI 420 Stainless Steel

Both AISI 305 stainless steel and AISI 420 stainless steel are iron alloys. They have 83% of their average alloy composition in common. There are 33 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (2, in this case) are not shown.

For each property being compared, the top bar is AISI 305 stainless steel and the bottom bar is AISI 420 stainless steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Brinell Hardness 170 to 220
190
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 200
190
Elongation at Break, % 34 to 45
8.0 to 15
Fatigue Strength, MPa 210 to 280
220 to 670
Poisson's Ratio 0.28
0.28
Shear Modulus, GPa 77
76
Shear Strength, MPa 400 to 470
420 to 1010
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 580 to 710
690 to 1720
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 230 to 350
380 to 1310

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 290
280
Maximum Temperature: Corrosion, °C 410
390
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 540
620
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1450
1510
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1400
1450
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 480
480
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 16
27
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 17
10

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 2.4
3.0
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 2.7
3.5

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 16
7.5
Density, g/cm3 7.8
7.7
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 3.2
2.0
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 45
28
Embodied Water, L/kg 150
100

Common Calculations

PREN (Pitting Resistance) 18
14
Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 200 to 210
88 to 130
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 130 to 320
380 to 4410
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 14
14
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 25
25
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 20 to 25
25 to 62
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 20 to 23
22 to 41
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 4.2
7.3
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 13 to 15
25 to 62

Alloy Composition

Carbon (C), % 0 to 0.12
0.15 to 0.4
Chromium (Cr), % 17 to 19
12 to 14
Iron (Fe), % 65.1 to 72.5
82.3 to 87.9
Manganese (Mn), % 0 to 2.0
0 to 1.0
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0
0 to 0.5
Nickel (Ni), % 10.5 to 13
0 to 0.75
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.045
0 to 0.040
Silicon (Si), % 0 to 0.75
0 to 1.0
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.030
0 to 0.030