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AISI 305 Stainless Steel vs. SAE-AISI 4320 Steel

Both AISI 305 stainless steel and SAE-AISI 4320 steel are iron alloys. They have 72% of their average alloy composition in common. There are 31 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (3, in this case) are not shown.

For each property being compared, the top bar is AISI 305 stainless steel and the bottom bar is SAE-AISI 4320 steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Brinell Hardness 170 to 220
160 to 240
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 200
190
Elongation at Break, % 34 to 45
21 to 29
Fatigue Strength, MPa 210 to 280
320
Poisson's Ratio 0.28
0.29
Shear Modulus, GPa 77
73
Shear Strength, MPa 400 to 470
370 to 500
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 580 to 710
570 to 790
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 230 to 350
430 to 460

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 290
250
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 540
420
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1450
1460
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1400
1420
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 480
470
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 16
46
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 17
11

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 2.4
7.4
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 2.7
8.5

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 16
3.4
Density, g/cm3 7.8
7.9
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 3.2
1.7
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 45
22
Embodied Water, L/kg 150
52

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 200 to 210
140 to 150
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 130 to 320
480 to 560
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 14
13
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 25
24
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 20 to 25
20 to 28
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 20 to 23
19 to 24
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 4.2
13
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 13 to 15
19 to 27

Alloy Composition

Carbon (C), % 0 to 0.12
0.17 to 0.22
Chromium (Cr), % 17 to 19
0.4 to 0.6
Iron (Fe), % 65.1 to 72.5
95.8 to 97
Manganese (Mn), % 0 to 2.0
0.45 to 0.65
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0
0.2 to 0.3
Nickel (Ni), % 10.5 to 13
1.7 to 2.0
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.045
0 to 0.035
Silicon (Si), % 0 to 0.75
0.15 to 0.35
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.030
0 to 0.040