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AISI 305 Stainless Steel vs. SAE-AISI 4340M Steel

Both AISI 305 stainless steel and SAE-AISI 4340M steel are iron alloys. They have 73% of their average alloy composition in common. There are 32 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (5, in this case) are not shown.

For each property being compared, the top bar is AISI 305 stainless steel and the bottom bar is SAE-AISI 4340M steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Brinell Hardness 170 to 220
710
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 200
190
Elongation at Break, % 34 to 45
6.0
Fatigue Strength, MPa 210 to 280
690
Poisson's Ratio 0.28
0.29
Shear Modulus, GPa 77
72
Shear Strength, MPa 400 to 470
1360
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 580 to 710
2340
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 230 to 350
1240

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 290
280
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 540
430
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1450
1440
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1400
1400
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 480
480
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 16
38
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 17
13

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 2.4
7.8
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 2.7
9.1

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 16
3.9
Density, g/cm3 7.8
7.8
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 3.2
1.9
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 45
26
Embodied Water, L/kg 150
55

Common Calculations

PREN (Pitting Resistance) 18
2.2
Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 200 to 210
120
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 130 to 320
4120
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 14
13
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 25
25
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 20 to 25
84
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 20 to 23
51
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 4.2
10
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 13 to 15
70

Alloy Composition

Carbon (C), % 0 to 0.12
0.38 to 0.43
Chromium (Cr), % 17 to 19
0.7 to 1.0
Iron (Fe), % 65.1 to 72.5
93.3 to 94.8
Manganese (Mn), % 0 to 2.0
0.65 to 0.9
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0
0.35 to 0.45
Nickel (Ni), % 10.5 to 13
1.7 to 2.0
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.045
0 to 0.012
Silicon (Si), % 0 to 0.75
1.5 to 1.8
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.030
0 to 0.012
Vanadium (V), % 0
0.050 to 0.1